The Army Comrades Association, known as the Blueshirts, was established in 1932. The next year, Eoin O’Duffy became its leader and then the first leader of Fine Gael. This class will examine the origins, ideas, activities, and legacies of O’Duffy and the Blueshirts, their place in the international fascist movement, and their importance in the history of one of Ireland’s leading political parties.

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This class is on-site only at the Celtic Junction Art Center’s new classroom which is located upstairs, across the hall from the McKiernan Library.

This course will be broken down into 5 sessions. Sessions will open with a lecture on the days material given by the instructor followed by structured Socratic discussions.  Beginners are not only welcome but encouraged. 

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Session 1: Ireland and Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s

We will introduce the historical context of Ireland and Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, focusing on Free State politics and the rise of fascism. We will also introduce the issue of the Blueshirts in Irish history and memory.

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Session 2: Eoin O'Duffy

The background, personality, and career of O’Duffy will be addressed, from his major roles in the War of Independence and Civil War to his leadership of the Blueshirts and as the founding president of Fine Gael.

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Session 3: The Army Comrades Association and its Successors

The Army Comrades Association was formed in 1932 and underwent several name changes and other transformations during its existence until it folded in 1936. We will examine its trajectory and other related organizations, such as the National Corporate Party, which O’Duffy founded after leaving Fine Gael in 1934.

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Session 4: The Blueshirts and O'Duffy Abroad

In 1934, O’Duffy attended the Montreux Fascist Conference, and two years later, he recruited Irish soldiers to fight for the Nationalist side during the Spanish Civil War. We will discuss the international aspects of O’Duffy and his followers.

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Session 5: The Impact of the Blueshirts on Contemporary Politics

O’Duffy was the first president of Fine Gael, but was forced out as his views quickly diverged from the conservative elites who led the party. What is the significance of the ACA’s founding role in Fine Gael and how are the Blueshirts and O’Duffy remembered today?

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Required texts and materials for the course will be sent out by the instructor via email weekly.