For the fourth session of "What is Fascism?" we will be focusing on Spain and Japan. Please find below the materials you should prepare before class. Nota bene: the readings are different from the syllabus.
Spain:
Stanley Payne, A History of Spain and Portugal, v. 2, Chs. 25, 26, 28 (1973)
Japan:
Kenneth Pyle, The Making of Modern Japan, Ch. 11 (1978)
Optional: